Showcasing Tourism - Travel - Hospitality and Gastronomy

Question: Examine about the Showcasing Tourism, Travel, Hospitality and Gastronomy. Answer: Occasions identified with the travel industry in New Zealand Occasions Dates Depiction Cost Protection week 2016 10.Sep.2016 to 18.Sep.2016 It is an occasion, sorted out by the protection of nature branch of New Zealand to bring individuals closer to nature. Liberated from cost The Daffodil Express 11.Sep.2016 It is where individuals head out from Wellington to Carterton with Incorporated Steam to go to the daffodil celebration to praise spring (Yeoman Yu, 2012). Adult:$89.00 Child:$55.00 NZ Craft and Design Show 21.Aug.2016 It is a one of a kind moral handiwork and configuration appear, brimming with social occasions. Grown-up: $9 Youngster: $5 Inward air pocket 26. Nov.2016 11am to27.Nov.2016 3am It is a 14hour constant performance, where Electronic, Rap, Hip Hop, DnB, vocals, Dance, Reggae, and Funk will be the principle fascination. Brisk riser General Admission:$55.00 General Admission:$65.00 Zirka Circus 21.Aug.2016 It is an occasion brimming with brave acts, delightful poetics balls. Grown-up VIP:$40.00 Youngster VIP:$29.00 Concession VIP:$38.00 Grown-up Ringside:$35.00 Youngster Ringside:$25.00 Concession Ringside:$33.00 Grown-up Elevated:$29.00 Youngster Elevated:$19.00 Concession Elevated:$27.00 Family Pass:$86.00 Entire day untamed life visit from Dunedin September It is an entire day visit to the most profound sections of natural life with extraordinary fascination of the penguins (Yeoman Yu, 2012). $175 per individual NZ Red Cross twentieth Annual book reasonable 26.Aug.2016 to 28.Aug.2016 It is reasonable of books where select books of the considerable number of essayists will be accessible with an extra rebate. Liberated from cost Oktoberfest Auckland 16.Sep.2016 It is a sale occasion where the cash gathered will be given to noble cause. $50 + extra charges Famous occasion in the travel industry As indicated by me, the famous occasion will be the Oktoberfest Auckland on the grounds that here the cash gathered from the bartering of the things will be given to the foundation (Roth, 2013). This time, they are going to give the cash to Prostate Cancer Foundation. This sort of good cause sort of exercises is supported and regarded everywhere throughout the world, there are not many associations which think for such an honorable purpose (Yeoman Yu, 2012). In addition, malignancy is a lethal awful disease everywhere throughout the universe and an occasion engaging in this sort of certified cause gains its name to be a famous one. This will spread mindfulness just as compassion toward the disease patients. References Roth, K. (2013). The Oktoberfest Rearrangement.Chemviews. https://dx.doi.org/10.1002/chemv.201300098 Yeoman, I. Yu, R. (2012).2050 - tomorrow's travel industry. Bristol: Channel View Publications.

Person centred planning Essay Example for Free

Individual focused arranging Essay It is significant that an individual is consistently the focal point of arranging there choices and wants for the future and you ought to consistently utilize an individual focused methodology when managing a person. For instance if a specialist was clarifying a course of treatment to someone in particular and you could see that the individual didn't comprehend what the specialist was letting them know yet the carer expected it would be OK to let the specialist continue and simply clarify the individual later on. Where in certainty you ought to of halted to inquire as to whether the comprehended and in the event that not, at that point request that the specialist account for himself in an alternate manner were they may see more. This at that point incorporates the individual and enables them to pose inquiries and chose what choices they may need since they would be in the focal point of their own consideration. If you somehow happened to hold up until the individual was home to clarify what the specialist was stating then they may of settled on an inappropriate decisions in which way they needed to go in essentially in light of the fact that they didn't understand what the specialist was stating and could in this manner become upset by this. For instance if the individual was to consent to a kind of treatment which conflicts with there qualities and convictions but since the carer didn't clarify what the specialist implied they may not of comprehended what they were consenting to. where as by getting the specialist the clarify in an understanding structure for them implies that they could discover all the data they have to settle on choices and leave away glad realizing that they completely comprehend what t hey have decided to do. This is the reason individual focused arranging is so significant in light of the fact that it implies the individual is in charged of what they need and it makes them less misery realizing that they can settle on their own decisions and they are being listened as well and they are esteemed as an individual.

How to Choose Winning Argumentative Essay Topics

How to Choose Winning Argumentative Essay TopicsWriting an essay can be easy if you choose the right winning argumentative essay topics. There are many topics that can be used to teach students about different subjects, but not all of them are appropriate for your students. Some topics are inappropriate for people who have to read academic essays, but they can be used for other topics like reporting, or biography.In order to find a particular topic, you will need to find some examples to go with it. For example, if you want to write an essay about a religious subject, you may need to look at books on the subject to find examples of a winning argumentative essay topic. The same is true if you want to write an essay about a subject that has a lot of controversy. In these cases, you will also need to look at some examples that relate to the controversy.No matter what type of topic you choose to write about, you will need to make sure that you are following the rules that govern writing a debate. When you write an essay on a controversial topic, you will need to follow certain guidelines when writing your arguments. You must make sure that you use well formed and logical arguments that are supported by facts.Once you know how to write a persuasive argument, you will need to practice and make sure that you are writing properly. The best way to improve your writing skills is to read lots of essays. You will need to take notes about how the topic is handled, and you will need to read through some good essays to see how it is written.Another way to improve your writing skills is to learn from some good writing mentors. Once you find some writers who are good at writing about your topic, you should go over some of their writing and see how it is written. If you do this often, you will be able to improve your own writing and learn from other people'swriting.Your essay topics can be narrowed down if you think about the topics that are the most important to you. You will n eed to choose a topic that you are comfortable with. The best way to decide on a topic is to find some examples, or research about the topic to find out what it is like.You will also need to make sure that you choose a topic that is interesting and that you feel is applicable to your personal life. You will also need to take into consideration that writing the essay will be seen by hundreds of people. This means that you will need to do your best to make sure that your writing is very well written.Choosing winning argumentative essay topics is the hardest part. If you want to improve your writing skills, you will need to spend some time and really think about what topics you would like to write about. You will also need to look for examples to see how well the topic is handled.

Can Oral History Be Trusted - 1444 Words

â€Å"Can Oral History be Trusted† ? The 21st Century, a time we live in where nearly everything is documented. Whether it be written and put into archives or posted on Facebook. Things were much different in the early stage of man up until now. The cave people documented things by writing on walls, but can this be trusted? Even documents that have been written down cannot be trusted so can stories or myths have been written by people in their own diaries or in letters so loved ones be trusted? Essentially, when thinking about oral History stories such as Troy and how they were passed down the generations to come up with the story we now know. As it has been passed down for such a long time without being written down, or even if it has†¦show more content†¦Some historians do believe that it is a waste of time because it is so unreliable but as this is sometimes the only way to gather information on the period or on certain things, what does this say about oral History? Of course however, where oral History has it’s disadvantages it has it’s advantages. Oral History can bring about some good information about the time that is being studied. Civil Servants for example can be a great source of information. This is because if they have been in the civil service, for example forty years, then they have witnessed change of policies, problems, pressure groups and ministers who made a difference. They can give us good insight into the time and what change took and place and why it took place, whether this can be trusted is the question though and it has to be said that in this case, civil servant records are more reliable than anything else because they are always going to talk about the problems and how it was fixed rather than pinpointing one thing and making it out to be amazing or terrible. Even if someone is not from the civil service they can still be helpful, they can provide information that was not already known and help â€Å"piece together events†4. An Historian once said â€Å"you can compare and collate documents, but you cannot createShow MoreRelatedBrand Essence Colgate1227 Words   |  5 PagesBrand Essence Assignment Introduction The company chose for this assignment is Colgate. Colgate is a division of the Colgate-Palmolive brand that produces soaps, detergents and oral hygiene products. Colgate focuses on oral hygiene and is a maker of toothpaste and toothbrushes. Started in 1806 by William Colgate as a soap and candle company. When William died in 1857, his soon took over. In 1837, Colgate introduced their first toothpaste and was the first to introduce toothpaste in a tube.Read MoreJohnson and Johnson Product Listerine Mouthwash884 Words   |  4 Pagesbe one of the leading health care products company in the world. In its extensive history of over 125 years Johnson Johnson’s product mix vary from pharmaceutical, personal care products, medical devices and diagnostics with the largest being pharmaceuticals. The product I chose to research was Listerine mouthwash. Listerine was first invented as a surgical antiseptic in 1879 and later repositioned as an oral care product to dentists in 1895. Listerine was the first over the counter mouthwashRead MoreIts An Old Hollywood Tale That The Legendary Louis B. Mayer1232 Words   |  5 Pagesshould always put their agreements in writing. Louie Mayer wasn t entirely correct as a verbal agreement in lieu of a written contract is still generally binding and, no matter how brief, is still a contract. In fact, most binding legal agreements can be oral agreements. In 2011, Three Stanford undergraduates started developing an online application which, in a chat setting, allows one computer user to send visual media like pictures to other computer users. After a short period of time the picturesRead MoreLiterature Review Influencer Marketing1434 Words   |  6 Pagespromotion – oral or written- in which satisfied consumers tell other people how much they like a product, service, business or event. Marsden (2005) says that research shows that word of mouth (WoM) is at least twice as powerful as traditional marketing communications in influencing sales, and given the rise of electronic word of mouth (mobile and internet), word of mouth is now some 50% more influential than it was 30 years ago. This is supported by a Nielsen survey showing the most trusted formRead MoreA Dental Hygienist Is More Than Just Someone Who Cleans Teeth1517 Words   |  7 Pagesoccurrence can make a difference in the outcome for the patient. It is essential to know what tools are available, how to use them and what the warning signs are. Some emergencies are very common in a dental setting considering the stress it can cause, anxiety and lengthy appointments. Communication with your patient is key to a smooth appointment. Many hints can come from simply doing an overall appraisal and talking with your patient. Being aware of patient’s fears and medical history can positivelyRead MoreBirth Control And Reproductive Rights1513 Words   |  7 Pagesthis information was prohibited by the Comstock Act and there were significant financial and imprisonment penalties that could be imposed. In 1916 Sanger and her sister opened the first contraceptive clinic in the United States and used their his tory as nurses amongst the poor to prove legitimacy. They were arrested and tried for giving sex and reproductive information to 464 women and Sanger spent 30 days in jail ( Lagerway 1999). Significantly that clinic was the catalyst for what is now knownRead MoreEssay on Scars of Sethe and Paul D in Toni Morrisons Beloved741 Words   |  3 Pagesundoubtably an incredible means of storytelling in Beloved. No matter how a person changes or what happens to them, these marks are another bit of tangible history, following each of them wherever they may go. These physical characteristics are what one can believe in, more than what is said or written. When written and oral language can many times not be trusted, physical characteristics provide another more certain form of communication--one that cannot be biased or altered. People not only know theRead MoreSong Of Solomon Milkman Analysis1097 Words   |  5 Pagesalso known as Milkman, learns the importance of his history and embraces flight. Morrison’s depth of thought was very complex as she depicted flight as not only metaphorical, but also literal. She implied that the knowledge of history is very therapeutic and should be welcomed (Brown). In Morrison’s eyes, flight makes the world more extravagant and meaningful (Heaton). In the novel Song of Solomon, Toni Morrison reveals the significance of history and flight as a means of letting go of the issues inRead MoreDeath Of The Great Mysteries Of Human Existence1187 Words   |  5 Pagesbecame meaningless. The souls themselves existed, but had no purpose. This belief prompted this â€Å"heroic code† of living honorably, so that the individual may be remembered well. The Greeks trusted that their words and deeds would survive them on earth after death. This theme of death coupled with this â€Å"heroic code† can be further reviewed in Homer’s The Iliad. The Iliad is an epic poem by the Greek poet Homer, which describes some of the most significant events towards the end of the Trojan War. In particularRead MoreThe Epic Of The Odyssey Essay942 Words   |  4 Pageswhy The Odyssey expresses a false sense of heroism whereas Sunjata gives the audience and example of a real hero. However, before the reader can examine the epics, we must first understand what an epic is. Epics are long poem, typically one derived from ancient oral tradition, narrating the deeds and adventures of heroic or legendary figures or the history of a nation. Typically epics involve supernatural powers, Gods, and an interesting journey of a hero bringing back knowledge and honor to his

Common Themes in Poetry Essay - 4006 Words

Common Themes in Poetry After reading and analysing numerous poems, I have chosen two examples of the famous Irish Poet, Seamus Heaneys work: Follower and Mid-Term Break. Both poems relate to the poets past, and are certainly associated with a specific loss of a loved one - one a literal loss, and the other a subconscious loss. Mid-Term Break, which I found to be a very touching and poignant poem, describes the loss of the poets younger brother, Christopher when Heaney was a child, hence the poem is of a childhood tragedy as well as a loss. Its set in three places - the introduction is situated in the college sick bay; the main body of the poem is set in Heaneys brothers funeral, and the final setting is the†¦show more content†¦Also, we acknowledge that this isnt just any ordinary funeral - someone very dear has been lost, a small treasure; a small treasure whos absence has caused the strongest of rocks to crumble into an emotional state. A double meaning is presented in the final line of the second stanza: - Big Jim Evans saying it was a hard blow The hard blow may be referring to the actual blow that killed Christopher (as he was killed by a car), or the fact that its a hard blow to the family. Either way, one fact becomes apparent: the Heaney family have the support and love of everyone around them, but that doesnt counteract for the tragic loss of Christopher - it may help clean the wound, but the scar will forever be visible. We also attain the knowledge, due to his very personal identity, that Big Jim Evans is a family friend, and that he himself is shaken by the situation considering his very plain and yet meaningful comment. Again, the sadness and incredibility of the incident is underlined - not only family members are grieving. Another detection of change is seen in the third stanza, and this time its a very uncomfortable change: - I was embarrassed By old men standing up to shake my hand I findShow MoreRelated Modernist Poets E.E. Cummings, Wallace Stevens, and T.S. Eliot Change the Face of American Poetry1710 Words   |  7 PagesAmerican Poetry Modernist poets such as E.E. Cummings, Wallace Stevens, and T.S. Eliot changed the face of American poetry by destroying the notion that American culture is far inferior to European culture. These and other American poets accomplished the feat of defining an American poetic style in the Modern Era by means of a truly American idea. That idea is the melting pot. Just as American culture exists as a mixture of races, beliefs, and ideas, the new American style of poetry exists asRead MoreTest1031 Words   |  5 Pagesvastly different but share some common traits and ability’s to gain a reader’s attention and embrace their attention until the point of the story is made and completed. When comparing the two different types of literature style, form, and content all come into play in having similarities and differences in the text. Poems typically are short and direct to the point, tending to have a rhythm of words, whereas short stories usually are direct based text giving you a theme, setting, and a tone allowingRead MoreEmily Dickinson s Poetry And Poetry1312 Words   |  6 Pagesdark, meditative and defiant toned poems about death, gender and poetry itself, often challenging social beliefs and traditions. Each poem sticks to these pre-modernist views and styles, but place the emphasis on different aspects of her common themes. Although the poems are similar in form and their uses of metaphors, the focus of these poems are different, â€Å"I dwell in Possibility† focuses on the limitless possibilities of poetry and the power associated with it, while â€Å"They shut me up in Prose†Read MoreEssay on The Sacred Words: Elements of Poetry1512 Words   |  7 PagesProgram #11 The Sacred Words: Elements of Poetry 1. Understand the importance of economy of language in poetry. It is important because it is the fewest words to fully get your idea across, not rambling on. Program #12: A Sense of Place 1. Show how clues and information in the poem about the setting affect a poems meaning for a reader It affects it changing the reader’s vision about what they are reading. 2. Discuss how a readers understanding of a poem is affected byRead MoreSylvia Plath: The Exemplary Confessional Poet1015 Words   |  5 PagesEmerging in the 1950s and 1960s, confessional poetry was essentially an autobiographical style of writing. Often focusing on topics that were taboo at the time like mental illness and suicide, it is no surprise that Sylvia Plath wrote poetry in this style. Plath suffered from depression most of her life and used writing as an outlet (Spinello). In her works â€Å"Cut,† â€Å"I Am Vertical,† and â€Å"Lady Lazarus,† Plath exemplifies confessional poetry through the themes of resentment, death, and mental illness. ToRead MoreSymbolism And Elements Of Literary Text Hidden Meanings893 Words   |  4 PagesIn life and in literary text hidden meanings are quite common. There is basic level of understanding by the majority and a concealed meaning that requires a deeper level of critical thinking and analysis. Terrance Hayes provides a â€Å"poetic style that resist style† which proves hard to interpret, but I conclude he provides a common theme many might mistake for just an element of poetry (Fabu 1). A common theme present within two of his poems â€Å"Lighthead’s Guide to Galaxy† and â€Å"Antebellum House Party†Read MoreStudy on the Poetry of the World War One Era652 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿The poetry of the World War One era reflects the pain and suffering endured by soldiers, as well as the disillusionment of war. Some of the eras most prolific soldier-poets addressed war frankly and with graphic imagery. For example, Wilfred Owens Dulce et Decorum Est starts with the lines, Bent double, like old beggars under sacks, Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge, The prevailing poetic trends were not to shy away from vivid detail but rather, to paint pictures forRead MoreNature, Morality, Mortality, And Memory Of William Wordsworth s Poetry1592 Words   |  7 PagesWilliam Wordsworth is known for his works of poetry. It is easy to gather that Wordsworth’s poetry was not simple to understand from first glance, but his poems have gathered attention because of the themes that are in the works themselves. In these works, themes such as nature, morality, mortality, and memory are revealed. In several of Wordsworth’s poems, the theme of nature is used abundantly. The topic of nature in Wordsworth’s poetry has been noticed by several critics throughout the years.Read MoreAnalysis Of Emily Dickinson s Poem, And The Person1569 Words   |  7 Pagesplace every Tuesday at six in the evening in Florida Discount Music. The bitter smell of coffee permeates the humid air and the clink of mugs and ceramic plates often accompany the snapping of fingers after a person finishes performing their piece of poetry. However once the next person begins, the place becomes as loud as a morgue at midnight with people anticipating the next reading. Some poems receive better responses than others, confirmed by the louder or more frequent snaps, but nonetheless, theRead MoreEdgar Allan Poe and Emily Dickinson Compare and Contrast Essay1596 Words   |  7 Pagespoets in American Literature from the 1800s. They had many things in common from their writings about death and sadness, because of their unfortunate losses in life, to the fact that they were both born in Massachusetts. They were also different in many ways. They were different in the way they looked at life and wrote about their experiences from it. While it is obvious they had many differences, they also had many things in common from their lives to their styles of writing making them amazing writers

The Processes by Which Genes and Environment Operate...

The Processes by Which Genes and Environment Operate Together to Influence Development Psychologists have argued for centuries over which has played the larger role in child development, heredity or environment. The British philosopher John Locke (1632 –1704) proposed one of the first theories in the seventeenth century. Locke believed that a child was born with an empty mind, tabula rasa (meaning â€Å"blank slate†) and that everything the child learns comes from experience, nothing is established beforehand. Years later, Charles Darwin (1809 –82) brought forth his theory of†¦show more content†¦Development includes division as well as growth and the characteristic of gradual changes from an initial constant state to a later highly diverse state. The epigenetic approach, which has been influenced largely by evolutionary theo ry centres on linking non-obvious environmental experience in influencing development rather than in born programming. Within the epigenetic view, development cannot be simply determined by genes or by the environment, but both genes (nature) and environment (nurture) play a role in the development of the individual’s mental capacity. The nature side of the debate argues that a person maintains their mental ability only based on what they are born with genetically. This would mean that the environment in which this person is bought up in plays no role in determining their mental aptitude. There are some substantial reasons for humans to be persuaded that genetics play a large part in a person’s intelligence. It is obvious that genes provide humans with their own physical equipment, which is quintessence, their very â€Å"being†. Genes and chromosomes are passed down from generation to generations. Without heredity, we would have nothing to hand down biologically to our descendants, and this clearly is not the case. WhetherShow MoreRelatedThe Movement Of Positive Psychology1151 Words   |  5 Pagesinternal cognitive processes. It states that people can learn vicariously through observation and verbal behavior. â€Å"Imitation is viewed as a critical process in the socialization of moral behavior and standards† (Eisenberg, Fabes, Spinrad, 2006, p. 649). †¢ Current cognitive-social learning theory focuses on the interplay of cognition and environmental influences in moral development. It states that thought, behavior, and environmental events all interact with one another and influence each other inRead MoreEvolution Drives The Diversity And Unity Of Life1674 Words   |  7 Pages Big Idea 1- The process of evolution drives the diversity and unity of life Natural selection is evolutions driving mechanism. Evolution is â€Å"the process by which different kinds of living organisms are thought to have developed and diversified from early forms during the history of the earth.† Darwin s theory states that inheritable variations exist within individuals in a population. This big idea has impacted human life and evolution in many ways. With natural selection as its major mechanismRead MoreObesity : Obesity And Genetics1267 Words   |  6 Pagestwenty-five percent children in US are obese or at least overweight. The goal is to gather information to find out if obesity has a gene of its own or if obesity is based on the education and the environment within the society. The reality is that obesity in childhood is a significant issue in people physical and psychological health. Keywords: obesity *genes *environment *childhood Obesity is one of the second leading causes of preventable death in the United States. It is estimated thatRead MoreThe Meaning of Nature and Nurture in Psychology Essay1192 Words   |  5 Pagesthey never act together, that they are contradictory and exclusive one from each other. Biological and environmental explanations of human behaviour do not need to be contradictive; the biological factors work inside of an environmental context, and this context is formed upon a biological base, that is why nature and nurture can not be a dichotomy. But what does nature and nurture mean in psychology? Nature is everything determined in our genes by heritage; in oneRead MoreMental Illnesses Explored : Schizophrenia1450 Words   |  6 Pagesmost widely accepted theory of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and stems from identification of dopamine D2 receptor blockade as the mechanism of action of antipsychotics. Dopamine D2 binding sites are increased in a person with schizophrenia, which contributes to cognitive impairment. The modern day understanding is suggested that a hyperactive mesolimbic and a hypoactive mesocortical dopamine system underlie the positive and negative symptoms that are seen in schizophrenia. SerotoninRead MoreInstinct and External Theories696 Words   |  3 Pages15-year-old sister confides to her that she has started having sex with her 16-year-old boyfriend. She proudly explains to Amanda that the two of them discussed the decision carefully and went to the family planning clinic together. They decided to use the hormonal patch, which provides contraceptiv e protection for a week. They also use condoms as a backup measure because both of them are fearful of an unintended pregnancy. Neither one had ever had sexual intercourse before. Amanda is shocked by herRead MoreChildren s Role For Optimum Learning And Pro Social Behavior1293 Words   |  6 Pagessocialization typically starts at home, or within daycare facilities. Many of these first lessons deal with a child’s interaction with family, siblings, baby sitters, peers, etc. They learn what is socially and culturally acceptable within their environment. This can cause some confusion if the child’s family comes from a different culture than is presented at the childcare facility. In America, there is a ‘melting pot’ of cultures and diverseness. A child may find that what may be acceptable at homeRead MoreMaslow s Theory Of Motivation Based On A Holistic Approach919 Words   |  4 Pagescontinuous development of talents, capacities, creativity, wisdom and ch aracter, the various processes, which bring the person toward ultimate self-actualization† (p. 102). Maslow did not ignore the spiritual dimension, but mainly focused on the biological nature of man. He believed the entire person, not just part of him is motivated. â€Å"Maslow’s motivational theory is based on the idea that human behavior is controlled through a number of developing fundamental needs that operates in a fixed sequenceRead MoreCase Study on Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)1149 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent issues that he was having in school. The kindergarten teacher herself had taught special education for ten years prior and insisted that there was something wrong with Boy Energy. He couldn’t stay focused on a task for longer than a few minutes which wasn’t enough even in kindergarten. He was always on the go, as if he were in perpetual motion so to speak. His mother had even referred to him as a pinball, just constantly bouncing off of things. He acted very impulsively even when he was with hisRead MoreIs Psychology A Science?2372 Words   |  10 Pagescomplicated, with many parts and attributions to other fields of science. These many parts come together to help explain why humans behave the way they do. Most of this depends on the brain and the way it tells our bodies to react to the environment around us. Our brain function allows us to have these reactions, along with many other things that make up a person. Their motivation, emotions, development, and personality are all products of the different functions and parts of our brain. Sometimes

The Comparison of Verbs of Saying in English and Their Lithuanian Equivalents free essay sample

Quantitative and qualitative methods have been applied as the study is aimed at the frequency count as well as the cross linguistic analysis. The data to achieve this goal have been obtained from the English book The Vanity Fair by William Makepeace Thackeray, and the Lithuanian translation „Tustybes muge†. The results revealed 73 different Lithuanian variants of the English verb to say, and 28 variant translations of the original verb to tell. These findings suggest that the Lithuanian language is very rich, and is capable of displaying a wide range of various translations for the same verb. INTRODUCTION Semantics is the branch of linguistics which deals with the study of meaning, changes in meaning, and the principles that govern the relationship between sentences or words and their meanings. There are several subfields in the linguistic semantics, which contribute to the language use considerably. One of them is called lexical semantics, which ? is the study of how and what the words of a language denote’ (Pustejovsky, 1995). To be more precise, lexical semantics is a linguistic theory which investigates word meaning and understands the meaning of a word as fully reflected by its context (Cruse, 1986). Recently, foreign linguists have drawn significant attention to the issues that are related to the analysis of a semantic language system. One of the possible ways of analysing this system is by distinguishing and giving a comprehensive description of separate lexical semantic word groups. However, this topic has not yet been well researched by Lithuanian linguists. The aim of the present paper is therefore to explore one of the lexical semantic groups briefly, especially its expression in the Lithuanian in English languages. As it is known, in language words do not exist in isolation, but they are connected through various interrelationships in this way constituting a certain system. Words can be grouped according to the general grammatical meanings (words from one part of speech), according to the commonness of the morphemic structure (words that have the same root or suffix), and eventually according to any lexical meaning-based associations. It might be interesting that a famous Swiss linguist Ferdinand de Saussure, who is considered one of the fathers of the 20th-century linguistics, stated that linguistic elements are linked to the dual nature of relationships: paradigmatic (associative) and syntagmatic. Paradigmatic relations combine words into lexical semantic groups. A detailed analysis of these groups (their volume, internal relations and interrelationships) helps to understand the lexical structure of a language better and proves that a lexical level of the language is systematic. Currently, quite many different lexical semantic groups have been analysed in linguistics. Significant attention has been paid to the analysis of lexical semantic groups of verbs because the verb is the most complicated and widest grammatical category. On the basis of various studies, it is useful to distinguish seven semantic categories: activity verbs, communication verbs, mental verbs, causative verbs, verbs of occurrence, verbs of existence or relationship, and verbs of aspect (Biber, 2002). In general, the verb is derived from the Latin verbum, whose  meaning  is word. There are several classifications of the English verb because different linguists group verbs somewhat differently. According to Biber (2002), there are two types of English verbs such as main and auxiliary. Following this division or the ability to function as verbs from the latter two groups, further three classes can be distinguished: lexical verbs (to eat, to run, to think), which function only as main verbs; primary verbs (to be, to do, to have), which function both as main and auxiliary; and finally, modal verbs (can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would), which serve only as auxiliaries. In addition, Tekoriene in her grammar book â€Å"Anglu kalbos gramatika vidurinems mokyklomsâ€Å" (1996) talks about three verbs classes. She named them as auxiliary verbs (to be, to do, to have, shall, should, will, would), notional verbs (to live, to work) and also modal verbs (can, could, may, might, must, shall, should, will, would). To conclude, we may say that a verb is a  word  or a part of speech that in syntax conveys an action, a state of being or modality. In the usual description of English, the basic form is the  infinitive, with or without the  particle  to. In many languages, verbs are inflected (modified in form) to encode  tense, aspect,  mood  and  voice. A verb may also agree with the  person,  gender, and/or  number  of some of its arguments, such as its  subject, or  object. One of the most basic lexical semantic groups is verbs of speaking. These are verbs that show the performance of a speech act. While constructing a spoken text, specific importance and the necessity to use those verbs is revealed. Moreover, verbs of speaking reflect the process of speech and play a very important role in people’s everyday life because we constantly communicate with each other by telling something, repeating, reporting, etc. , which makes us a part of a community. As the basic definitions related with a verb have already been mentioned, it is likewise essential to refer to translation as it is closely related to this research paper. In general, translation is communication of the meaning of a source-language text by means of an equivalent target-language text. The major aim of translation is to contribute to understanding between people and to transmit knowledge in plain, appropriate and accessible language. Before the research, the basic hypotheses of this paper have been raised: †¢ the main translations of the verbs to say and to tell will be: sakyti, asakyti, atsakyti, pa(pa)sakoti, pranesti, tarti. †¢ there will be more variants of the verb to say than of the verb to tell; †¢ the selected verbs will indicate speaking processes. The analysis and comparison of the verbs of speaking (to say and to tell) taken from the book in the English language The Vanity Fair by William Makepeace Thackeray and the Lithuanian translation â₠¬Å¾Tustybes muge I† will be provided in the research paper. This particular book has been chosen with a purpose that it contains a sufficient number of dialogues from ‘real-life’ situations, therefore, the chosen verbs are used frequently. The structure of this paper will include three main parts: introduction, body, which in turn will consist of the methods, results and discussion sections, and conclusion. The methods part will briefly overlook how our topic was investigated, what methods were used. The result and discussion sections will, firstly, deal with the verb to say, where all these verbs will be found in the English version of the book, and then matched to their equivalents in the Lithuanian translation. Secondly, the same analysis of the verb to tell will be provided. The conclusion of our annual paper will include approval or denial of the basic hypothesis, which have been raised before the analysis. To decide what topic to choose for our paper took a long consideration. A lot of translations of books into foreign languages have often been found as inaccurate, so it was the main reason of our research to see the differences in languages and richness of the vocabulary of the Lithuanian and English languages. DATA AND METHODS In order to write this research paper, two books were examined. The data was collected from the English book The Vanity Fair by William Makepeace Thackeray and the Lithuanian translation of the book „Tustybiu muge I† (the first part). The samples were taken considering the words (in particular the reporting verbs) in the sentences. These sentences were analysed carefully, paying particular attention to each selected verb of saying. All of them were collected and divided into two groups: those, which belong to the verb of saying to say – formed one group, and those, which belong to the verb of saying to tell – formed another. After that, the Lithuanian equivalents were found in the Lithuanian book, and the whole sentences in which these words appeared, were written down. As a result, 850 samples of the usage of the verb to say with 73 Lithuanian variants, and 139 samples of the verb to tell with 28 translations were found. According to Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary, these definitions were given: To say – verb  (says  /s? z/; past and past participle  said  /s? d/). †¢ [intransitive, transitive] to speak or tell somebody something, using words †¢ [transitive] to repeat words, phrases; [intransitive, transitive] to express an opinion on something; †¢ [transitive,? no passive] to suggest or give something as an example or a possibility; †¢ [transitive] to make thoughts, feelings, etc. clear to somebody by using words, looks, movements, etc. †¢ [transitive,? no passive] (of something that is written or can be seen ) to give particular information or instru ctions. To tell – verb (past simple, past participle told /t ld/) †¢ [transitive] (of a person) to give information to somebody by speaking or writing; †¢ [transitive] (of some writing, an instrument, a sign, etc. to give information about something; †¢ [transitive] to express something in words; †¢ [intransitive] ( informal ) to let somebody know a secret;    †¢ [transitive] to order or advise somebody to do something; †¢ [intransitive, transitive] (not used in the progressive tenses) to know, see or judge something correctly. The present paper deals with the quantitative and qualitative research, and this research includes lexical and semantic analysis, in order to investigate how many equivalents the English verbs to say and to tell have in the Lithuanian language. RESULTS The attached prefixes do not give any additional meaning and convey nearly the same message. The example 1d is an excerpt from a piece of an event description. The examples of the second group (2a, 2b, 2c, 2d) reveal the translator’s choice to employ prefixation during the formation of the Lithuanian variant of the verb to tell. The person opts for a more interesting word by leaving the same stem „pasakotiâ€Å" and affixes different prefixes such as „paâ€Å", „isâ€Å" and also „paâ€Å" + reflexive particle „siâ€Å". All the mentioned prefixes do not give any new meaning to the Lithuanian verb „pasakotiâ€Å", therefore, the words „pasakotiâ€Å", „papasakotiâ€Å", „pasipasakotiâ€Å" and „ispasakotiâ€Å" can change each other and can be used interchangeably. The third unit of the reviewed samples is associated with explaining and clarifying certain things. All the examples are declarative sentences (3a 3b 3c, 3d, 3e), in which the translator’s choice is to provide and emphasize a possible report of an event (3a), explanation of something (3c). Refusal of guidance (3d) or a wish to teach someone a lesson (3e) is also presented. The following set contains two examples of how the Lithuanian verbs „prisneketiâ€Å" and „itikinetiâ€Å" are used. A way of saying bad things, gossiping about the others (4a) or persuading people (4b) is demonstrate d. The translator tries to provide more interesting and original variants of the the same verb ‘to tell’ and adapt them into Lithuanian translation. The fifth group of communication verb to tell refers to the verbs which have connotations of orders and commands. The examples (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) indicate cases where these words appear. The basic meaning of these three words is related with orders and commands. They are found to be very similar to each other so that even if we replace one verb with another – the meaning would still remain (e. g. Who told me to love her? // Kas gi man liepe ja myleti? // Kas gi man isake ja myleti? ). This sixth group of verbs „perduotiâ€Å" (6a) and „pranestiâ€Å" (6b) was formed according to the sense of transferring some new or additional information to someone. The examples of Lithuanian translations of the verb to tell (7a, 7b, 7c, 7d, 7e, 7f, 7g, 7h) cannot be grouped by any defined criteria. Given examples in the seventh group state different situations and meanings: it can be rude response (7a), repetition (7b) or reminding of the information (7c), act of hearing (7d), access to the information (7e), presentation of laughter (7f), revealing of something (7g) and finding out the new information (7h). All these verbs usually denote various situations, so the translator chooses which of them are the most appropriate to the particular situation. The eighth group includes an example which was found without Lithuanian translation of the English verb to tell. The xample highlights that the speaker is clear with the context so any further explanation is needed or the different expression, which is more appropriate in the Lithuanian language is used (8a). CONCLUSIONS This study of the chosen verbs of speaking has tried to investigate the verbs to say and to tell from the English book and its translated version in the Lithuanian language, using quantitative and qualitative method s. The examples from the English book were taken either from the direct speech and indirect speech. There were three hypotheses made before this research and all of them were completely or partly confirmed. The most common translations of to say were tarti, sakyti, pasakyti, while the verb to tell was frequently found translated as papasakoti. In addition, there has been more variants of to say found than to tell, however, the selected verbs indicated not only the speaking processes as it was thought to be in the beginning, but also the actions of thinking, laughing and even some cases where to say and to tell were not translated, were found. This research has shown the width and the richness of the Lithuanian language vocabulary which presented various meanings and variants of the translated verbs to say and to tell. The translator can be considered as the main bridge between the author and the reader, who determines the most appropriate translation and demonstrates his linguistic insight. SUMMARY IN LITHUANIAN Lingvistine semantika – tai lingvistikos, arba kitaip moderniosios kalbotyros saka, tirianti kalbiniu zenklu reiksmes ir prasmes. Si saka artimai susijusi su musu darbu, kurio pagrindinis tikslas yra panagrineti pasirinktu kalbejimo veiksmazodziu pritaikyma tiesiogineje kalboje bei kontekste reiskinius, atsirandancius verciant teksta is anglu kalbos i lietuviu kalba, palyginti juos tarpusavyje bei asmeniskai ivertinti vertejo rofesionaluma. Analizuoti pavyzdziai buvo surinkti is knygu „Vanity Fairâ€Å", parasytos angliakalbio autoriaus William Makepeace Thackeray bei jos vertimo i lietuviu kalba „Tustybiu mugeâ€Å" (verte ? ). Tyrimas parode kaip skirtingai gali buti verciami ir pristatomi zodziai bei frazes ir koks svarbus yra vertejo vaidmuo, kurio pagrindinis uzda vinys yra ivertinti konteksta, tinkamai perteikti informacija skaitytojui bei islaikyti isverstos frazes santyki su originalia taip, kad ji butu aiski bei priimtina skaitytojui nepazeidziant lietuviu kalbos normu. Appendixes Table 1 TO SAY | |Number | Cruse. D. 1986. Lexical Semantics. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 6. Faure. R. Verbs of Speaking and Verbs of Thinking. Universite Paris IV-Sorbonne. Available at: http://hal. inria. fr/docs/00/46/98/13/PDF/Verbs_of_speaking_and_verbs_of_thinking. pdf 7. Lyons, J. 1995. Linguistic Semantics: an Introduction. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 8. Oxford Advanced Learner’s Dictionary of Current English. 8th Editon. Oxford: Oxford University Press. 9. Pustejovsky. J. 1995. The Generative Lexicon. MIT Press, Cambridge. 10. Tekoriene D. (1996). Anglu kalbos gramatika vidurinems mokykloms. Vilnius: Leidybos Centras. Available at:

Alice And The Wonderland Essays - English-language Films

Alice And The Wonderland To millions around the world, Lewis Carroll's ?Alice in Wonderland? is merely a childhood dreamland filled with riddles, fairy tails, and games without rules. However, to the trained eye, Alice's world translates into much more than a child's bedtime story. There are many undeniable patterns and connections seen throughout his story that are simply too radical to be mere coincidence. The story of Alice is both a mixture of contradictory patterns and a metaphor for growth. With the right train-of-thought and a little imagination, this otherwise straightforward fairy tale becomes a key to Carroll's inner thoughts. Psychoanalysts have analyzed Alice in Wonderland since the early 1900's. Psychoanalysis is,? the theory of the talking cure.? In other words, it is used to help understand inner (subjective) meaning. Psychoanalysis was first used as a clinical practice to help people suffering from troubles without any organic cause. (Bokay 2) However, it has also proven very effective in uncovering subliminal motives in dreams, art, and literature. The following should not be looked at as definite concepts, but more like a key to help understand some popular interpretations of lewis' text. If the whole of Alice's journey may be read both as a passage from the surface to the abyss and as an achievement, a hard conquest from the abyss to the surface, the leaven, the ?engine' of this twofold passage is to be found in the series of events which are written in Alice's body. (Roncada 2) To grasp the concepts and to fully understand underlying ideas in wonderland, it helps to think of wonderland as a real world with real rules. Non-law and a non-measure of Alice herself govern wonderland, which in turn results in a large amount of? nonsense. What is isn't, what isn't is, a very hard concept for young Alice to grasp at first. Alice morph's from tall to short, from small to big, and always maintains her psychological and biological age. Her body (the engine) is disconnected from her physical life. (Roncada 4) Her body goes through four phases throughout this trip: 1) and unexpected growth/decrease 2) a growth/ decrease openly driven by the other characters 3) a growth/decrease manipulated by Alice (with bits of mushroom) 4) the spontaneous, self induced growth without the use of any object (during the trial). (Roncada 4) This is the most obvious metaphor suggesting growth seen throughout Alice's trip. Alice does not look for any explanation for her re-occurring metamorphic changes. To Alice, eating and drinking does not mean nourishment just as growing up does not mean maturing or getting old; it is only used for alteration. The use of food in this world is not incidental. In Wonderland there are many distinguishing factors between eating and drinking. The act of eating is not ?ritual?, it is necessary for Alice's metamorphosis, it is a prize at the end of the Caucus race, and a never-ending punishment at the mad tea party. The food never becomes a real meal because it is broken into several snacks. (Roncada 6) Food categories are separated into liquid and solid (which share the same result: grow shrink), raw and cooked, and sweet and salty. A fine example of this is during Alice's first size change in the hall. When Alice drinks the liquid marked appropriately ?drink me? she states, ? It had, in fact, a sort of mixed flavor of cherry-tart, custard, pine-apple, roast turkey, toffe e, and hot buttered toast.? This part entwines a number of distinct patterns contradicting each other. First off, the liquid assumes the flavor of solid food. Sweet (cherry-tart, custard, pineapple, toffee) and salty (roast turkey and hot buttered toast) stay together. Inside the ?sweet? category there are other contradictory patterns: toffee is solid and custard is non solid; cherry-tart, custard, roast turkey, and toffee are all cooked (or mixed) while pineapple is raw and natural. And finally, the tastes have been organized according to different culinary techniques: custard, toffee, and cherry tart are all made with low heat and turkey and toast are made with high heat. Roasted Turkey, hot buttered toast, and custard are all served hot while toffee and cherry-tart are served cold. ( Roncada 4) This seemingly innocent observation made

Roman vs Greek govt essays

Roman vs Greek gov't essays A comparison of ancient Greek democracy and Roman republic Even today, the ideals of government expressed and used by the ancient Greeks and Romans are well known. Although the Greek democracy and the Roman republic have many resemblances they also have many differences. Ancient Greek democracy and the ancient Roman republic may seem the same but they are actually both similar and different in three significant ways: how the system of a democracy and a republic work, how each government elected their officials, and how the hierarchy of each system was oriented. First, democracies and republics are alike and unlike in the way that their general system works. Both systems give their power to the people. A republic is a ...form of state based on the concept that sovereignty resides in the people... (Republic 1). A democracy is a ...political system in which the people of a country rule... (Democracy 1). Additionally, both systems elect representatives. In both republics and democracies, power is given to representatives/officials (Republic 1/ Democracy 1). However, in a republic, elected representatives ...are expected to act on their own best judgment of the needs and interests of the country. In a democracy, the representatives ...more generally and directly reflect the known or ascertained views of their constituents, sometimes subordinating their own judgment. (Democracy 1). In conclusion, the systems of republics and democracies are similar yet different. Second, ancient Greek democracies and ancient Roman republics method of electing officials have both similarities and differences. Both ancient Greece (Athens) and Rome had citizens vote on who to elect to be an official. However, each cultures idea of a citizen was different. Greece only gave citizenship to native-born male ...

Creative Ventures and Enterprise Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Creative Ventures and Enterprise - Essay Example This report is about my aims and aspiration as a product designer to understand all the areas of this industry including creativity, business and administration. My basic areas of interests are in product designing along with branding and merchandising. This will make me a part of the creative industry. The focus of this paper will be on product designing with particular reference consumer cultures in Taiwan, Russia, US and the UK. All other areas related to the creative industry will also be covered. It is my intention to work in Taiwan in a government department and initial steps in the form of a scholarship has already been applied for. Scope: The main scope of this paper is to study all aspects of the creative industry with specific focus on product design in Taiwan. After completion of this work it is hoped that I will get sufficient information to get me started on my intended career as a product designer. Creative Industry: Creative industry can be defined as "those industries that are based on individual creativity, skill and talent. They are also those that have the potential to create wealth and jobs through developing intellectual property." (Creative Industries: The Definition of the Creative Industries. 2007). From this it is clear that creativity, skill and talent that can create wealth and jobs is what differentiates it from other areas of business. Since creativity is involved, the question of intellectual property rights is also raised here. Creativity is a very broad term and hence what constitute a creative industry also varies. For example, the Department of Culture, Media and Sport of the UK Government groups creative industries under predetermined areas of business. In other words, advertising, designing, film making, performing arts, publishing, software etc are considered to be a part of creative industries. The UK was the first country in the world to recognise the e xistence of such industries and classify them as such. "The UK was the first, in 1997, to systematically promote the creative industries. Australia and New Zealand followed shortly afterwards." (Creative Industries in Hong Kong: Introduction. 2002). Growth of Creative Industries: This industry is one of the fastest growing in the world. All areas that are considered to be creative had existed long before the concept of creative industries came into existence. But the potential of each of these sectors taken separately gave rise to classify them as creative and efforts for growth as a collective entity has now begun. The United Nations is also looking at this industry seriously as a means of economic development of under developed and developing countries. Being such a vast area, exact current figures are difficult to estimate. But according to UNCTAD, total value of creative industries world wide stood at 225 billion USD in 2005 fro 234 billion USD in 1996. This is an average growth of 8.7% making it one of the fastest growing industries in the world today. "Creative industries have emerged as one of the world's most dynamic economic sectors, offering vast opportunities for cultural, social and economic development. Internationa l trade in creative goods and services surged to US$445.2 billion in 2005 from US$234.8 billion in 1996, according to preliminary UNCTAD figures." (Creative Industries Emerge as Key Driver of Economic Growth with Trade Nearly

Children's Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Children's Literature - Essay Example This beautifully written and illustrated little story "Anna’s Corn" by Barbara Santucci reads like a parable. Anna has a decision to make about holding on, letting go, and going on. Helpful for generating discussion with children about how to mourn a loss and commemorate in life-affirming ways. Grade Level using Fry Readability Graph: I randomly selected three 100- word passages from this book and I plotted the average number of syllables and the average number of sentences per 100 words on the graph. Then, I chose additional two 100-word passages and plotted it as well. I started counting 100 words from the beginning of the sentence and I counted the proper nouns only. Reason for Selection: This book educates children about the value of God-given talents and skills which they will need to nurture develop and share. Aside from this, the involvement of the parents and relatives with honing and teaching skills to children is important. Summary: A very old Navajo grandmother believes it is time her 10-year-old granddaughter, Annie, learns to weave. Gathering her family in the hogan, she asks each of them to choose a gift they wish to have (Annie's eyes choose the weaving stick) as she announces to her family that when the weaving of the new rug is completed, she will go to Mother Earth. The death of the grandmother happened right after Annie learned how to weave through her grandmother's patience and perseverance. Title: Pearl's Marigolds for Grandpa Author: Zalben, Jane BreskinIllustrator:Publisher: Simon & Schuster Publication Date: 1997 Interest Level: Grade 1 Grade Level using Fry Readability Graph: I randomly selected three 100- word passages from this book and I plotted the average number of syllables and the average number of sentences per 100 words on the graph. Then, I chose additional two 100-word passages and plotted it as well. I started counting 100 words from the beginning of the sentence and I counted the proper nouns only. The average number of sentences per 100 words is 11.1 with the average number of syllables per 100 words as 120. This book is suitable for age 6 years old.Reason for Selection: This book deals with burial traditions how each culture has their own way of mourning and burial methods. The children will also learn that when a loved one leaves the earth, they will never be forgotten and will always be loved. Topic/Theme: Abandonment, Adolescence, Body Self-Image, Caregivers, Children, Disability, Family Relationships Summary: The story begins when Pearl comes home from school one day and learns from her mother that her grandfather has died.

Victor Frankl and Existentialism Essay Example for Free

Victor Frankl and Existentialism Essay Viktor Frankl, psychiatrist and concentration camp survivor, is the man credited with â€Å"translating existential philosophy to practical reality† (Kottler and Brown, 2000). Frankl was born in Vienna, Austria, in 1905. He studied neurology and psychiatry at the University of Vienna, and in 1940 became director of the Neurological Department of the Rothschild Hospital in Vienna. Before the outbreak of World War II, Frankl had the chance to go to America. He decided to stay in Vienna instead because of something his father had recovered from a synagogue recently destroyed by the Nazisa block of marble bearing the first letters of the Commandment â€Å"Honor thy father and mother that thy days may be long upon the land. † Frankl and his family were sent to Auschwitz in 1942. Frankl was the only one to survive (Scully, 1995). It was in Auschwitz that Frankl began to put together his existentialist ideas. He noticed that those prisoners who created personal meaning from this hellish experience were the ones most likely to survive. Frankl himself came to realize that â€Å"suffering is an ineradicable part of life, even as fate and death. Without suffering and death human life cannot be complete† (Frankl, 1946). In 1946 he published Man’s Search for Meaning, a book titled From Concentration Camp to Existentialism in its German editions. Frankl’s goal for the book is simple: â€Å"I had wanted simply to convey to the reader by way of concrete example that life holds potential meaning under any conditions, even the most miserable ones. And I thought that if the point were demonstrated in a situation as extreme as that in a concentration camp, my book might gain a hearing. I therefore felt responsible for writing down what I had gone through, for I thought it might be helpful to people who are prone to despair† (Frankl, 1946). Frankl continued to work with existentialist theory throughout his life, developing a psychotherapy known as logotherapy. He also continued to write, publishing another 31 books. Frankl died in 1997. Frankl’s ideas regarding logotherapy grew out of the philosophy of existentialism. This philosophy has its beginnings in the writings of Soren Kierkegaard and Martin Heidegger. Existentialist philosophy is difficult to explain, but â€Å"Basically the existentialist assumes that existence precedes essence, that the significant fact is that we and things in general exist, but that these things have no meaning except as we through acting upon them can create meaning† (Holman, 1972). Logotherapy, considered the Third Viennese School of Psychotherapy, â€Å"regards the search for meaning as the primary human motivation. . . . A human being is not a mere puppet of biological, hereditary and environmental forces, but is always free to take a stand toward inner conditions and outer circumstances† (Viktor Frankl Institute). Logotherapy leads patients to discover meaning in their lives in one of three ways: â€Å"(1) by creating a work or doing a deed; (2) by experiencing something or encountering someone; and (3) by the attitude we take toward unavoidable suffering† (Frankl, 1946). â€Å"Logotherapy amounts in nearly all situations to the advice, ‘Get to work. ’ Other psychologies begin by asking, ‘What do I want from life? Why am I unhappy? ’ Logotherapy asks, ‘What does life at this moment demand of me? ’† (Scully, 1995). There are definite difficulties with logotherapy. It is highly intellectual, and therefore not appropriate for those of low intelligence (Kottler and Barton, 2000). It requires a great deal of intellectual energy, even from those with very high IQ’s. It also disregards possible biochemical connections associated with some forms of mental illness. But despite the criticisms, I find existential theory and logotherapy useful as guides for an attitude toward life. I first became interested in existentialism through literature. Then last fall, I read James F. T. Bugental’s Search for Existential Identity and became interested in how something I had studied as literary theory could be used as a method to treat patients. Researching for this paper has led me to the works of Viktor Frankl. Existentialism and logotherapy are two areas I will continue to explore. References Frankl, Viktor. (1946). Man’s Search for Meaning. New York: Washington Square Press. Holman, C. Hugh. (1972). A Handbook to Literature. New York: Odyssey Press. Kottler, Jeffery A. , Brown, Robert W. (2000). Introduction to Therapeutic Counseling. Stamford, CT: Brooks/Cole, Thomson Learning. Scully, Matthew. Viktor Frankl at ninety: an interview. First Things, 52, 39-43. Victor Frankl Institute. http://logotherapy. univie. ac. at/.

Criminal Justice Essay -- Crime Criminal Justice Police Essays

Criminal Justice This paper will describe my understanding of the text and of the lectures provided in the class. Unlike most classes, where I understood only my view of the text, this class was geared so each student would understand each other’s view. 3 An organization is a collective that has some boundary and internal structure that engages in activities related to some complex set of goals. Members of organizations attempt to meet their psychological, ego and emotional needs within the organization. Criminal justice organizations are particularly unique compared to other public or private sector organizations because of the governmental granted authority. Management within these organizations can be defined as the process by which the elements of a group are integrated, coordinated and/or utilized so as to efficiently achieve the organization’s objectives. In Law enforcement and correctional organizations, the front line officers manage people. This is especially true in the contro l of inmates. In these organizations, we must consider the hierarchy to be inverted. The front line officers, not limited to sergeants and lieutenants, influence the direction of the organization. Leaders in criminal justice establish direction by developing a vision of the future, align people through shared values and vision, and motivate and inspire people to move them toward the shared vision. Leaders will challenge existing processes and systems, focus on the future of the basic assumptions, values, and beliefs and create the basis for structural or programmatic change. 4 Conversely, leadership in corrections is often more complex. Prison and jail overcrowding, along with the increasing number of geriatric, mentally ill and an influx of younger and more violent inmates requires the managers of the organization to increase the training and motivation of line officers in order to deal with problems. In law enforcement agencies, leaderships must recognize the need for more communi ty policing programs. These criminal justice organizations must look inside themselves and adapt change in order to meet their goals and objectives. The goals of organizations not only provide direction but also serve as constraints or limits. An example in the criminal justice model would be for an agency to make more arrests to meet the public outcry, but also to insure the judicial and corr... ...ders within the organization must utilize all their skills to ensure agency goals and objectives are met, especially in the criminal justice system. The organization culture is very complex in nature within the criminal justice system. The law enforcement, judicial and correctional systems, even though essentially in the same business, are different. Each level of the justice system belongs to it’s own subculture. Each also, has subcultures within it. They act on individual socialization within themselves. A great example would be life within a prison institution. The warden, of course, is in charge of the institution but when off, the ranking correctional officer is in charge when he/she is with the inmates. The individual group leader of the inmates (according to the â€Å"pecking order†) is in charge when the correctional officer is not around. The examples given are of formal and informal socialization. Before taking this course and thoroughly reading the text, I was only exposed to law enforcement organizations. Most of the professors were either lawyers or law professionals. It was enlightening to read the text and to hear a different perspective from a corrections professional.

Ratio analysis can help in measuring business performance and setting objectives/ goals Essay

Ratios are calculated from an organisation’s financial statements and are an effective business tool in measuring its performance. By comparing the ratios to those of the previous year it is possible to determine whether a business is doing better this year than last year. It is also possible to compare ratios of one organisation against those of another in a similar industry. This helps identify areas in which one business is either under performing or indeed is out performing another. Undertaking ratio analysis and making comparisons to market leaders within your industry will help focus on areas which require attention. By carefully selecting the most suitable ratios business owners and managers can use the results to gain a better understanding of how their organisation is performing. The same ratios can also be used to set future targets. Ratios are calculated from an organisation’s financial statements and are an effective business tool in measuring its performance. By comparing the ratios to those of the previous year it is possible to determine whether a business is doing better this year than last year. It is also possible to compare ratios of one organisation against those of another in a similar industry. This helps identify areas in which one business is either under performing or indeed is out performing another. Undertaking ratio analysis and making comparisons to market leaders within your industry will help focus on areas which require attention. By carefully selecting the most suitable ratios business owners and managers can use the results to gain a better understanding of how their organisation is performing. The same ratios can also be used to set future targets. Ratios are calculated from an organisation’s financial statements and are an effective business tool in measuring its performance. By comparing the ratios to those of the previous year it is possible to determine whether a business is doing better this year than last year. It is also possible to compare ratios of one organisation against those of another in a similar industry. This helps identify areas in which one business is either under performing or indeed is out performing another. Undertaking ratio analysis and making comparisons to market leaders within your industry will help focus on areas which require attention. By carefully selecting the most suitable ratios business owners and managers can use the results to gain a better understanding of how their organisation is performing. The same ratios can also be used to set future targets.

Taking A Minimum Wage Position Making Eight Dollars An Hour

My inspiration to go back to school started almost seven years ago. This is when I started my new job at Kraft Foods. I had no idea what I was getting myself into, and I really did not know exactly what I would be doing. What I did know, was that I would be doing manual labor of some kind. I also did not know what kind of people I would be working with or what they would think of me. I was just happy to have a job after being laid off from my job as an accounting assistant in Long Beach, California. After being out of work for almost six months and the economy being so bad in 2010, I was desperate for a job. I decided to take a minimum wage position making eight dollars an hour. Little did I know at the time, but this job would show me†¦show more content†¦I looked for jobs all around Fresno and Clovis, I applied with PGE, Pepsi, DMV and I even contemplated joining the Navy, this went on for six months if not longer. One day I was looking at a sports website called realgm.co m (it s a news feed site for all baseball, football, basketball, soccer and hockey) and I saw an ad on the side of the page advertising jobs with Kraft Foods. I clicked on the link and it took me to an unavailable job but there were other jobs available in Fresno so I decided to apply. After submitting my resume, I received an email asking me to call and schedule my interview with the Human Resource department the next day. I interviewed with Kraft Foods at the unemployment office near Jensen and Highway 99 in the southwest part of Fresno. The interview went well and I was basically hired on the spot minus taking a physical. One of the memorable things that came up at the end of the interview was that they had asked me if I still wanted to accept the job as they could only pay eight dollars per hour. I was informed a person declined the job earlier based on the pay and they wanted to make sure I would be ok with accepting the wage. Being that I was in such need of a job, I immediately said yes. My first day on the job at Kraft everything was a blur, I remember sitting in a small office waiting for someone to come take me to the area that I would be working. The person walked me downstairs to the production floor and throughShow MoreRelatedMinimum Wage Should Not Be Increased1669 Words   |  7 PagesFederal minimum wage is a huge controversy around the world and especially in the United States today. It is the lowest wage that employers can legally pay their employees. The world’s first minimum wage law was passed in the year eighteen ninety-four in New Zealand. New Zealand’s minimum wage experiment caught the attention of other countries. It made them start considering the law for their own countries. The United States passed their federal minimum wage law in nineteen thirty-eight. 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